First cars that existed.
The first was Guido da Vigevano in 1335. It was a windmill type drive to gears and thus to wheels. Vaturio designed a similar vehicle which was also never built. Later Leonardo da Vinci designed a clockwork driven tricycle with tiller steering and a differential mechanism between the rear wheels.The first vehicle to move under its own power for which there is a record was designed by Nicholas Joseph Cugnot and constructed by M. Brezin in 1769. A replica of this vehicle is on display at the Conservatoire des Arts et Metiers, in Paris. I believe that the Smithsonian Museum in Washington D. C. also has a large (half size ?) scale model. A second unit was built in 1770 which weighed 8000 pounds and had a top speed on 2 miles per hour and on the cobble stone streets of Paris this was probably as fast as anyone wanted to go it.
Many attempts were being made in England by the 1830's to develop a practical vehicle that didn't need rails.
In February 1893 and ready for road tests in September 1893 the car built by Charles and Frank Duryea, brothers, was the gasoline car first turned on in America.
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| Henry ford truck |
Henry Ford had an engine in 1893, but it was before 1896 built his first car. At the end of the year, Ford had sold his first car, he called a quadracycle, for $ 200 and uses the money to build another. With financial backing from the mayor of Detroit, William C. Maybury and other wealthy Detroit, Ford formed the Detroit Automobile Company in 1899. Some prototypes were built but no production cars were made each time by this company. Was dissolved in January 1901. Ford would not offer a car for sale until 1903.
The Rolls Royce Silver Ghost of 1906 was a six-cylinder car that stayed in production until 1925. Represented the best engineering and technology available at the time and these cars still running smoothly and silently today. This period marked the end of the beginning of the automobile.
Evolution of Cars
DuesenbergLa race for the horse replaced by a self-propelled carriage began in the late seventeenth century and had its focus of birth in two main regions: Britain and America.
Britain, especially England, was a period of major evolution between 1820 and 1840. The development of steam engines was momentous, on time for combine shipping. Among the engineers of that time said Hancock. It should be noted that this period of growth was relatively briefand engineers in countries like Germany, France and USA. England invented the concept of self-propelled vehicle in 1830 but his political support rail growth.
The result was wasting the opportunity to make absolute sovereignty from the start in the automotive industry. Even the famous American inventor Thomas Edison in 1901 recognized that "the motor vehicle should have been British." He said that the British invented it in 1830 and they have only to equal quality streets by the French. Also criticized regulations that impeded progress in other areas of technology.
In the 1890s Henry Ford decided to enter the auto business. His first headache was obtained by Baldwin Selden patent in 1895, which took possession of the rights of the implementation of the internal combustion engine cars.
In 1899 the Electric Vehicle Company bought the patent and gave licenses to local producers, while Ford declined to do so and went to trial in 1903. By mid-1911, Henry Ford won in court. By then, there were more than 600,000 cars sold in the U.S., but many worked by steam or electricity.
Francia fue un importante impulso en industrian no podía ser superado por el Inglés, que creció un 200% en 1913. Alemania fue tercero con una producción de la mitad de los franceses y dos tercios del Inglés.
The Motor Car.
For movement of a vehicle is required to obtain a significant force by simple means. This media is controlled explosion or fuel.
No fuel when the rate of flame propagation is poor, about 20 m / s.
This combustion is performed by an air-fuel mixture, which creates a large pressure rise. To exploit this increase in pressure, the combustion must take place within the cylinder-piston, the latter being movable element, which transmits the force exerted by pressure.
The piston in turn transmits a linear motion to the rod, which interacts with the crank movement is transformed into a circular obtaining a pair.
The movement of the piston has two extreme positions:
-The top dead center (TDC)
-The bottom dead center (PMI)
No fuel when the rate of flame propagation is poor, about 20 m / s.
This combustion is performed by an air-fuel mixture, which creates a large pressure rise. To exploit this increase in pressure, the combustion must take place within the cylinder-piston, the latter being movable element, which transmits the force exerted by pressure.
The piston in turn transmits a linear motion to the rod, which interacts with the crank movement is transformed into a circular obtaining a pair.
The movement of the piston has two extreme positions:
-The top dead center (TDC)
-The bottom dead center (PMI)
The cycle of theoretical or 4 stroke cycle beau de rochas.
To permit operation of the engine, its upper part is formed by:
-In a spark plug for ignition of the mixture
-An intake valve (A), authorizing entry of the mixture.
-A butterfly (G), which controls the amount of mixing allowed.
An exhaust-valve (E), which allows evacuation of the burnt mixture.
This top, usually removable, called stock.
1 º TIME: ADMISSION
function:
-Admit, in the cylinder, the mixture.
Description:
-The valve opens when the piston is at TDC.
-The piston descends from TDC to BDC.
-The descent of the piston creates a vacuum that can fill the cylinder mixture.
-The valve closes when the piston reach the MIP.
2 nd TIME: COMPRESSION
function:
Compress the mixture gas-air-gasoline.
Description:
-The valves are closed.
-The piston rises from BDC to TDC ..
3 ° TIME: COMBUSTION-EXPANSION. WORKING TIME.
function:
-Create a work from the combustion of the mixture, is the time engine.
Description:
-The valves are closed.
-When the piston is at TDC, the electric spark provided by spark plug ignites the mixture.
-The pressure increases on the piston and drag it downwards.
-The piston back down TDC to BDC.
4 th TIME: excape.
function:
-Evaluate the burned gases out of the cylinder.
Description:
-The exhaust valve opens when the piston is at BDC
-The piston rises from BDC to TDC.
-The burnt gases are swept by the piston outwardly.
-The exhaust valve closes when the piston is at TDC.
-In a spark plug for ignition of the mixture
-An intake valve (A), authorizing entry of the mixture.
-A butterfly (G), which controls the amount of mixing allowed.
An exhaust-valve (E), which allows evacuation of the burnt mixture.
This top, usually removable, called stock.
1 º TIME: ADMISSION
function:
-Admit, in the cylinder, the mixture.
Description:
-The valve opens when the piston is at TDC.
-The piston descends from TDC to BDC.
-The descent of the piston creates a vacuum that can fill the cylinder mixture.
-The valve closes when the piston reach the MIP.
2 nd TIME: COMPRESSION
function:
Compress the mixture gas-air-gasoline.
Description:
-The valves are closed.
-The piston rises from BDC to TDC ..
3 ° TIME: COMBUSTION-EXPANSION. WORKING TIME.
function:
-Create a work from the combustion of the mixture, is the time engine.
Description:
-The valves are closed.
-When the piston is at TDC, the electric spark provided by spark plug ignites the mixture.
-The pressure increases on the piston and drag it downwards.
-The piston back down TDC to BDC.
4 th TIME: excape.
function:
-Evaluate the burned gases out of the cylinder.
Description:
-The exhaust valve opens when the piston is at BDC
-The piston rises from BDC to TDC.
-The burnt gases are swept by the piston outwardly.
-The exhaust valve closes when the piston is at TDC.
Key Elements of Motor.
These elements are divided into two parts or zones:Stock:
- Top of head
- Spark plug
- Inlet valve
- Exhaust valve
- Lubrication circuit
Engine block:
-Rod
Carter-less
-Crank
-Circuit cooling
Grease-circuit
-Piston
-Combustion chamber
Between the cylinder head and block will be the head gasket.
First Car Agencies.
Chrysler
Chrysler has two plants, one in Saltillo, Coahuila and one in Toluca, Mexico State.
Ford
Ford has three assembly plants in Mexico, one located in Cuautitlan, Edo. Mexico, one in Hermosillo, Sonora and the latest in Chihuahua, Chihuahua.2
General Motors
General Motors has four assembly plants in Mexico, the first is located in Toluca, Edo. Mexico, another in Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila, third in Silao, Guanajuato and the last in San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi. It also has a Center for Engineering and After Sales Service in Toluca and Test Tracks Cupuán River, Michoacán.3
Honda
has a plant in Mexico located in El Salto, Jalisco. On August 12, 2011 announced the installation of an assembly plant in the town of Celaya, Guanajuato, with an investment of $ 800 million and generate 3,200 jobs. The first stone was placed in 2012 and in 2014 will come into operation.
Mazda
On Friday June 17, 2011, Mazda announced the construction of its first plant in Mexico. Which will be located in Salamanca, Guanajuato. The plant is planned to begin operations in 2013, and fabricate models and Mazda Mazda 2 3.4
Nissan
Nissan has two assembly plants and one under construction in Mexico, 2 in Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, and one in Cuernavaca, Morelos.5
Toyota
Toyota has an assembly plant in Mexico, located in Tijuana, Baja California.6
Volkswagen
Volkswagen has an assembly plant in Mexico, located in Puebla, Puebla.7 and soon will have an engine plant in Silao, Guanajuato.
Prices of some cars
